Speaking:
The Crystal Ball
Grouping:
Time:
Pairs → Small groups
15 minutes
Aim
Students will practice forming and using first and second conditionals in discussions about future predictions.
Materials
• A set of “What will happen if…?” prompt cards (e.g., What will happen if AI replaces most jobs?).
• A whiteboard with example structures.
Preparation
• Write sample conditional structures on the board:
• If we don’t take action now, pollution will increase. (First Conditional)
• If society depended entirely on technology, human skills would decline. (Second Conditional)
Activity Breakdown
1. Students take turns drawing a future scenario card.
2. They complete the sentence using a future conditional.
3. Their partner responds naturally and builds on the discussion.
4. The conversation continues for at least three turns.
Instructions
1. Pick a card and read the question.
2. Complete it using a future conditional.
3. Your partner responds and builds on your idea.
4. Continue for at least three turns.
5. Swap roles and repeat.
Concept Checking Questions
• “Is the first conditional about real or imaginary situations?” (Real, possible).
• “What verb tense follows ‘if’ in the first conditional?” (Present simple).
• “What about the second conditional?” (Imaginary, hypothetical).
Examples
• If governments don’t reduce carbon emissions, climate change will worsen.
• If humans colonized Mars, how would daily life change?
Extensions/Varations
• Harder: Students write their own scenario prompts.
• Easier: Provide sentence frames for support.
Error Correction
• Teacher listens and notes common errors for group feedback.
Writing:
My Future Project
Grouping:
Time:
Individual → Peer review
20 minutes
Aim
Students will write about a future project using future conditionals.
Materials
• A worksheet with sentence starters (e.g., If I start my own business, I will…).
• A model paragraph.
Preparation
• Provide a sample paragraph with conditional structures.
Activity Breakdown
1. Students brainstorm a future project they want to start.
2. They write a paragraph using at least three conditionals.
3. They swap with a partner for feedback.
4. They revise their writing.
Instructions
1. Think of a future project you would like to start.
2. Write about it using three conditional structures.
3. Check your grammar and structure.
4. Swap with a partner and give feedback.
5. Revise your paragraph.
Concept Checking Questions
• “Do future conditionals always talk about real situations?” (No, they can be hypothetical).
• “What’s the difference between first and second conditionals?” (First = likely, Second = hypothetical).
Examples
• If I launch a startup, I will focus on sustainability.
• If I were to move abroad, I would start my own café.
Extensions/Varations
• Harder: Write a detailed business plan.
• Easier: Use fill-in-the-blank structures.
Error Correction
• Teacher provides structured feedback on writing.
Listening:
News of the Future
Grouping:
Time:
Pairs → Whole class discussion
15 minutes
Aim
Students will listen to future news reports and complete sentences using future conditionals.
Materials
• Audio clips of future news reports (e.g., If global temperatures rise, sea levels will flood coastal cities.).
• A worksheet with gaps for students to fill in.
Preparation
• Write example sentences on the board:
• If AI continues to evolve, job markets will change drastically.
• Should driverless cars become mainstream, road accidents may decrease.
Activity Breakdown
1. Students listen to a short news clip about the future.
2. They fill in the missing conditional clauses.
3. They discuss their answers in pairs.
4. They predict what might happen next.
Instructions
1. Listen carefully to the news report.
2. Fill in the missing conditional phrases.
3. Compare your answers with your partner.
4. Discuss what might happen next.
5. Share ideas with the class.
Concept Checking Questions
• “Do we use ‘will’ in the ‘if’ clause?” (No, we use present simple).
• “Can the first conditional be used for warnings?” (Yes).
Examples
• If temperatures rise by 2°C, weather patterns will become extreme.
• Should renewable energy become more affordable, fossil fuel use will decline.
Extensions/Varations
• Harder: Students write their own news scripts.
• Easier: Provide a multiple-choice listening activity.
Error Correction
• Teacher reviews answers and discusses meaningful differences.
Reading:
Future Solutions
Grouping:
Time:
Pairs → Small groups
15 minutes
Aim
Students will analyze future solutions and restructure sentences using future conditionals.
Materials
• A short text about future environmental or technological issues.
• A worksheet with sentences to rewrite using conditionals.
Preparation
• Provide a passage with future predictions (e.g., If solar power becomes cheaper, more people will switch to it.).
Activity Breakdown
1. Students read a text about future problems.
2. They identify cause-and-effect relationships.
3. They rewrite statements using first or second conditionals.
4. They compare their changes in groups.
Instructions
1. Read the passage carefully.
2. Underline sentences about future changes.
3. Rewrite them using future conditionals.
4. Compare with your partner.
5. Discuss how the meaning changes.
Concept Checking Questions
• “Do we use the second conditional for real or imaginary situations?” (Imaginary).
• “What verb tense do we use in the main clause of the first conditional?” (Future simple).
Examples
• If governments invest in AI research, it will transform education.
• If society prioritized mental health, stress levels would decrease.
Extensions/Varations
• Harder: Students write their own proposals.
• Easier: Provide sentence starters for support.
Error Correction
• Teacher provides model answers for discussion.